WHAT IS POTASSIUM CARBONATE

Potassium Carbonate (K₂CO₃) is an inorganic compound with an extensive role in pharmaceutical laboratories. It has its other names as, Potash of Carbonic acid, Pearl ash, and Dipotassium Carbonate. It serves as a drying agent. It is the salt of carbonate, considered a good source of potassium. It is freely soluble in water and has hygroscopic properties. At high temperatures, it decomposes and loses carbon dioxide. Its appearance is deliquescent white solid, with cubic crystals. The structure of anhydrous Potassium Carbonate crystals is monoclinic.

Physical Properties

Its appearance is a colorless, crystalline powder. Its anhydrous form has a monoclinic structure. It is insoluble in water, but not soluble in alcohol or toluene. On decomposing, it emits toxic fumes of potassium oxide. On direct exposure, it can cause irritation to the skin and eyes. It has an alkaline taste with hygroscopic properties. It is weakly acidic as it forms an alkaline solution.

Uses of Potassium Carbonate

• It operates as a catalyst in most chemical reactions and speeds up the rate of reaction.
• It is used as a mild dry agent in various fields as it is hygroscopic.
• It serves to make grass jelly.
• It is usually used for welding flux.
• It is used as a buffering agent for the production of wire.
• It works as a fire suppressant.
• It is used in the manufacture of soap and cosmetics.
• It is helpful to soften hard water and wash raw wool.
• It serves as a dehydrating agent.
• It is utilized in tanning leather.

Preparation

Potassium Carbonate is obtained easily by electrolysis of potassium chloride, followed the exposure of potassium to carbon dioxide.

Chemical Properties

• It reacts with non-metals and water.
• It is explosively reactive with acids.
• It is insoluble in acetone, ethanol, etc.

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