Ammonium Sulfate
WHAT IS AMMONIUM SULFATE
Ammonium sulfate is an inorganic sulphate salt and white odorless solid. It is a highly water-soluble substance and contains 21% nitrogen and 24% sulfur. It can synthesize in the laboratory by reacting ammonia with sulfuric acid. It is also used to manufacture by gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O).
Ammonium sulfate is rarely found in nature and abundantly present as mascagnite in volcanic fumaroles. It has a wide range in the industry; that’s why all the inhabited continents across the world manufacturing ammonium sulfate. It is a famous fertilizer. It plays a vital role in producing vaccine-like DTap, which is a cure against tetanus and diphtheria. Wood preservatives also used ammonium sulfate, but its use discontinued because of its hygroscopic nature.
Ammonium sulfate has application in the production of printed circuit boards. It also uses to activate the yeast to raise the bread on the industrial level. In solution form, it forms many double salts when mix with other equimolar metal sulfate solutions, and then the solution evaporates slowly leave the product behind. While with trivalent metal ions (alums), it forms ferric ammonium sulfate. In this way, for making salts (in the laboratory), it uses ammonium sulfate.
It is also known as di-ammonium sulphate or sulfuric di-ammonium salt. It is insoluble in alcohol and acetone and absorbs water rapidly when exposed to moisture.
Ammonium sulphate is a dangerous compound for both humans and the environment. It may cause severe irritation or swelling of the respiratory tract if inhaled. Ingestion of ammonium sulfate causes disturbance in the gastrointestinal tract and results in nausea, diarrhea, or vomiting. But it is less harmful if using in small amounts. It is not much hazardous if using it carefully.
Uses:
- Fertilizer
- Homemade explosive
- Bread making
- Flame retardant
- Ammonium salts
- Wood preservative
- Vaccines
Physical properties:
| Chemical formula | (NH4)2SO4 |
| Appearance | Fine white or crystals |
| Melting point | 235 to 280 °C |
| Density | 1.77 g/ g/cm3 |
| Molar mass | 132.14 g/mole |
Technical Specifications:-
| Parameters | Unit | Grade I | Grade II |
| Appearance | – | White crystal Free flow | White crystals |
| Assay | % min | 99 | 99 |
| Nitrogen | % w/w | 20.00 – 21.00 | 20.00 – 21.00 |
| Sulphur | % w/w | 23.00 – 24.00 | 23.00 – 24.00 |
| Moisture content | % | 0.20 – 0.50 | 0.50 – 1.00 |
| Insoluble matter in water | % max | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Free Acidity (as H2SO4) | % max | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| pH of 5% soln. | – | 6 – 7 | 6 – 7 |
Packing:
- 25 Kg Laminated Woven sacks
- 50 Kg Laminated Woven sacks
- 1000 Kg Jumbo Bags
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| Parameters | Unit | Grade I | Grade II |
| Appearance | - | White crystal Free flow | White crystals |
| Assay | % min | 99 | 99 |
| Nitrogen | % w/w | 20.00–21.00 | 20.00–21.00 |
| Sulphur | % w/w | 23.00–24.00 | 23.00–24.00 |
| Moisture content | % | 0.20–0.50 | 0.50–1.00 |
| Insoluble matter in water | %max | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Free Acidity (as H₂SO₄) | % max | 0.005 | 0.005 |
| pH of 5% soln. | - | 6–7 | 6–7 |
| SR. No. | Parameter | Specification |
| 1. | Purity | 99% min. |
| 2. | Nitrogen (as N) | 20%–21% |
| 3. | Sulphur (as S) | 23%–24% |
| 4. | Moisture Content | 0.50% max. |
| 5. | Matter Insoluble in water | 0.05% max. |
| 6. | pH of 5% soln. | 6–7 |